Main Square Cusco

Discovering Main Square Cusco: The Heart of the City

Nestled in the heart of the City of Cusco, the Main Square Cusco (Plaza de Armas Cusco) is a place where history, culture, and tradition converge. Surrounded by cobbled streets, colonial buildings, and the remnants of Inca palaces, this vibrant square is a must-visit for travelers exploring South America.

A Glimpse into the Past: From the Inca Empire to the Colonial Period

During the Inca Empire, this site was known as Huacaypata, a grand ceremonial plaza built by Inca Sinchi Roca and expanded under the rule of Manco Cápac, the legendary founder of Cusco. The square was once twice its current size, bordered by impressive Inca walls and serving as the main gathering point for religious and political events, including the grand Inti Raymi festival.

With the arrival of the Spanish in the Colonial Period, the plaza was transformed. Colonial buildings replaced Incan structures, and grand churches were erected, including the Cusco Cathedral and Compañía de Jesús. These majestic constructions still stand today, showcasing a blend of European and Andean architectural styles.

Iconic Landmarks of Main Square Cusco

When you step into Plaza de Armas Cusco, you are surrounded by some of the most remarkable landmarks in Peru:

1. Cusco Cathedral: A Symbol of Colonial Power

The Cusco Cathedral, built over an ancient Inca palace, dominates the square with its stunning baroque facade. Inside, you’ll find exquisite colonial-era paintings, including those from the Cusqueña School, and an impressive silver altar. It is also the site of major religious celebrations, such as Corpus Christi.

2. Compañía de Jesús: A Jesuit Masterpiece

Located adjacent to the cathedral, the Compañía de Jesús is an architectural marvel. Built in the 16th century, it features an intricately carved facade and a breathtaking golden altar inside, making it one of the finest examples of Jesuit architecture in South America.

3. Inca Foundations and Colonial Mansions

Walking around the square, you can still see the remnants of Inca palaces beneath colonial buildings. Some of these structures incorporate original Inca walls, highlighting the fusion of two great civilizations. One famous example is the Archbishop’s Palace, which rests on an ancient Incan foundation.

The Cultural Vibrance of Main Square Cusco

Beyond its historic significance, Main Square Cusco is the cultural hub of the city. Festivals, parades, and religious ceremonies frequently take place here, drawing both locals and tourists into its lively atmosphere.

• Inti Raymi: The annual Festival of the Sun, celebrated on June 24th, reenacts the grand Inca solstice ritual.

• Corpus Christi: This religious festival features colorful processions, music, and traditional dances.

• Christmas and New Year’s Eve: The square lights up with decorations, markets, and celebrations.

Nearby Attractions You Shouldn’t Miss

1. Santa Catalina Monastery

Just a short walk from the square, the Santa Catalina Monastery is a hidden gem that was once an Incan temple before becoming a convent. Its walls whisper stories of history and spirituality.

2. The Streets of Cusco

The cobbled streets surrounding the square are filled with artisan shops, restaurants, and cafes. Walking through these streets offers an authentic experience of the city’s past and present.

3. Machu Picchu: The Ultimate Journey

No visit to Cusco is complete without a journey to Machu Picchu, the lost city of the Incas. This UNESCO World Heritage site is just a train ride away from the city and is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why is Main Square Cusco so important?

The Plaza de Armas of Cusco has been the social, political, and cultural center of the city since the time of the Inca Empire. It remains a focal point for local life, celebrations, and tourism.

2. What is the best time to visit Main Square Cusco?

The square can be visited year-round, but the best time is during festivals like Inti Raymi in June or Corpus Christi, when the square comes alive with traditional events.

3. Is Main Square Cusco free to visit?

Yes, visiting the Plaza de Armas Cusco is completely free, but some landmarks like the Cusco Cathedral and Compañía de Jesús have entrance fees.

4. How do I get to Main Square Cusco?

Located in the center of the City of Cusco, the square is easily accessible on foot from most hotels and attractions. Taxis and public transport are also available.